Device for spraying paint and the like and nozzle therefor



sept., 5, 1939. A. H.- DQWNS 2,172,193@

DEVICE FOR SPRYING PAINT AN THE LIKE AND OZZLE THEREFOR Original Filed June 9, 1934 v m l BY 54 51 50 16 "DM m ATTORNEYS INVENTOR Patented Sept. 5, 1939 DEVICE jFOR SPRAYING "VPAINT' LIKE ANDl NOZZLE THEREFOR Austin H. Downs, Newark, N. J., assigner to Eclipse Air Brush Company, Inc., Newark, N. J., a corporationof New Jersey Continuation of application VSerial No. 7279,925,

June 9, 1934.

This invention relates to improvements in deviceszforv spraying paints, Vlacquers and other liquids .andv is an improvement upon devices such as'disclosed in my Patent Number 1,706,875 issuedMarch 26, 1929.

In paint spray guns, -generally in use, ,the paintis discharged through a nozzle and broken up and atomized by means of air under pressure. 'I'he dim-ensionsof the spray remain substantially constant unless another' form. of nozzle is used or substituted on the discharge end of the gun. I many cases it i is very advantageous to be able to adjust or `vary ther dimensions of the spray,,in accordance with the kind of work being done, the material being used and the `conditions under which said work is being done.

An object of this invention, therefore, is the provision vof such a device in which the nozzle is constructed so` that it may be readily adjusted to vary Vthe dimensions of the liquid spray, vand in which this'adjustment may be readily accomplished and the parts firmly and securely held in their adjusted position.

Further objects include improvements in details .of construction and arrangement which are shown in the drawing and described in the following specication. Y

To the accomplishment .of the foregoing and such other objects as mayhereinafter. appear, this invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and then sought to be dened in the appended claims, referencebeing had to the v accompanying drawing forming a part hereof and which show, merely for the purposeof illustrative disclosure, several embodiments of my invention, it being expressly understood, however, that various changes may be made in practice within the scope of the claims without digressing from my inventiveidea.

' In the drawing Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a spray gun having a nozzle vconstructed in accordance with one embodiment of my invention.

VF'igure2 is a vertical'ilongitudinal cross section through the nozzle and ldischarge` end of the gun shown in Figure 1.

YFigure 3 is a front elevation ofthe vnozzle with .the parts shown in position to give a wide spray-of liquid.

Figure 4 is a similar View with the parts adjusted so as to give a narrow liquid spray.

Figure 5 is a dissembled view in perspective of two parts yof the nozzle shown in lFigures 1 to 4 inclusive.

T his application October 15. 1936, seriaiNo. 105,783

13 Claims. (01299-140) Figure :Slis `a verticaljlongitudinal cross section through anotherform of nozzle and the discharge endofa spray'gun.

Figure '7 is a front `en d elevation of this nozzle' adjusted'to give a wideliquid spray.

Figure Sis a view similar to Figure,'7 `withthe parts adjusted so as to give a narrow liquid spray.

,Figure is a dissembled view in perspective of two parts ofthe nozzle shown in Figures 6 to 8 incl11sive.

Figure l is afvertical longitudinal cross section of another Vforrnof ynozzle applied to the discharge endv of a spray gun.

Figurej11 is a front end elevation Aof the nozzle of. Figure 10 adjusted so as to `give Ya wide spray.

,Figure 12 is a view similar to Figure 11 with the parts adjusted so as. to,l give a narrow spray.

,Referring Vnow r,to the drawing land first to Figures 1 and ;2, the numeral I designates the body of the device as a whole which includes the .barrel portion 2L the handle portion 3, the handle portion extending downwardly from'the barrel portion land inclined slightly to the rear to .aord a convenient grip` for the operator. The handle portion 3Visrprorvided with a threaded nipple4 ladapted to connect the kspray .f,1run to a suitable source of air ,orjotheriiuidmnder pressure, the device being provided with suitable valves, not shown, so that whenthe trigger; is pulled, air -p-asses Ytherethrough to the Adischarge end by means ofport or passageri, see Figure 2. The pain't or other :liquid to be sprayed is admitted into thedevice `throughthe screw threaded connection 11 `and its discharge isv controlled by the valverod having the valve 9 formed or provided on its outer endand adapted to seat against the edgeof the port or passage I0 which extends longitudinallyk through the fluid tip Il. This iiuid "tip Il is screwed to the end of the barrel 2 (see ,Figure,2), sothat when the valve rod 8 and the connectedvalve 9 is removed from its seat by the operation of the trigger 5, the paint or other liquid will pass throughthe fluid tip into the inside of the-,nozzlestructure.V As previouslx7 described, air or rother fluidunder pressure has already been owingithrough the portor passage 6 and into and through the nozzle structure as a whole. ,j

This constructionis similar to that shown in my previous patent above referred to and it is therefore not vbelieved to be necessary to either illustrate or describe further details of construction and operation-of these'parts.

In that-V .previous patent` I show and describe necessity for adjusting or regulating the dimensions of the spray on short notice. If it is desired to change the dimensions of the spray, Qfx

course the change is made in the nozzle itself;

In this present invention I provide anozzle member which is composed of a plurality of parts which may be adjusted with respect to each other so as to constitute valves on the nozzle to varyA the dimensions of the discharge orice and therefore the dimension of the paint spray. One form is shown in Figures 1 to 5 inclusive to which attention will first be directed. In this form the main nozzle member is designated by the reference character I2. It is of general conical form and is provided with the Ageneral conical or tapered inner chamber I3 into which the fluid tip I I projects. This nozzle member is provided with the end annular flange I4 which is engaged by the inwardly extending flange I5 on the locking ring I6 which has a screw threaded engagement with the discharge end of the barrel 2 of the spray gun.

The nozzle member I2 has a conical tip or end portion l1 which provides a conical or tapered face or surface I8 extending upwardly from a cylindrical portion I9 which projects from the straight shoulder portion 2D which is provided with external screw threads 2|.

An adjustable tip member 22 is provided which has an annular end flange 23 adapted to be engaged by the inwardly extending flange 24 on locking ring 25 which has an internal screw threaded part 26 to engage the screw threads 2I on the nozzle member. This provides a convenient means of holding the tip member 22 in place *onY the nozzle member and a ready means for releasing this tip member so that it may be adjusted with respect to the nozzle member.

The end portion of the nozzle member is provided with the slot 21 which extends across the entire end of the same and down intothe conical orY tapered-sidesurface 'I8 as indicatedV at 28. This Vslot communicates with the cylindrical inside chamber` orcompartment'29 of the nozzle. Ihetip member '22' is provided with a general conical or tapered end portion 30 which corresponds'to and fits upon the conical or tapered end I8v of the nozzle member. This tapered end portion 3U of the tip member is tapered inside so as to have a nice bearing t upon the tapered or conical' end I8 of the nozzle member so that it may readily rotate 'and turn thereupon. The parts are so dimensioned that when the tip member 22 is in position on the end of nozzle member I2 the 'rear face of the annular ange 23 of the tip member does not contact with theshoulder 20 on the nozzle member. The conical or tapered end part 30 of the tip member 22 is provided with a pair of cut-out portions 3l, one'side of the cut being downwardly curved as at 32 and the other side 33 being substantially straight or verticalfIn addition, the faceV of the downwardly curved or inclined cut is itself inclined away from the inside thereof so as to form a sharp meeting edge 34 on the inside to t against the tapered face I8 of nozzle member I2. The cutout parts Yare duplicates of each other with Ythe vertical edges 33 being substantially diametrically opposite each otherl and the Vdownwardly curved portions being also opposite each other.

The end of the tip member is open as at 35 so that the upper edges 36 thereof are in substantially the same plane as the end face of the nozzle member when assembled.

The operation of this form of my invention will now be explained. When the trigger 5 is actuated air will be admitted through the con- A nection 4, air valves in the gun and port or passage 6, to the conical chamber I3 within the nozzle member I2 and will pass through the cylindrical chamber or compartment 29 and slot 21, The paintor other liquid to be applied passes through the connection 1, past the valve 9 through ,port or passage I0 and is broken up within the nozzle member I2 by the action of the air flowing therethrough passing through the cylindrical lchamber or compartment 29 and the slot 21 to be applied to the surface being treated. This action is substantially the same as that of the device'shown in my patent previously referred to.

With the parts I2 and 22 in the position shown in Figure 4, the effective width of the slotV 21is thediam'eter of the lend surface of the nozzle member. This results in a spray of comparatively narrow width. If it is desired to widen this spray, the collar or sleeve 25 is released and the adjustable tip member 22 turned so as to uncover parts of the side portions 28 of the slot 21, the tip member turning readily upon the Yconical bearing surface I8 Vof the tapered end of the nozzle member. When the desired adjustment is made the sleeve or collar 25 is tightened upon thefthrea'ds 26Jandfthe adjustable tipV member 22 securely held. The adjustment may be made to uncoverV part or substantially all of the side portions 28 of the slot 21. This cutting off is accomplished by the curved edges 3l so that the exposed length of the side portions 28 of the slot may be readily and accurately changed. Due to the inclination of the curved cut-out portions 32, the sharp meeting edge 34 is provided which gives a very sharply defined cut-off of the side portions 28 of the slot. Of course if the p-arts are adjusted to the maximum point as indicated in Figure 3, a very wide spray is discharged from the nozzle, and if it is desired to lessen the width of the spray the collar or sleeve 25 is released and the adjustable tip member 22 turned so as to cut oi more or all ofthe side portions 28 of' the slot 21. The edges of the cut-out arcuate portionsl cooperating with the slots in the conical part thus serve as valves on the nozzle member. In the form of device shown in Figures 6to 9 inclusive, the parts of the gun of course are simi.. lar to those previously described, and furthermore, the nozzle member 31 is constructed substantially the same as nozzle member I2 with the exception of its discharge end. It is secured in position on the discharge end of the gun by means of a sleeve or collar 38 which is similar to sleeve or collar I6 and has the internal tapered or conical chamber 39 and cylindrical discharge opening or compartment 40. The end face of the nozzle member 31 has Ya plurality of cut-out portions vin the form of downwardly curved or cam surfaces 4I terminated in the abrupt"shouldersW12. The inner edges'43 of these cut-out portions communicate directly with the cylindrical port or passage 8 and provide flared outlets therefor.

The adjustable tip is in the form of `a cap member 44 having an end flange 4 5 whereby it is secured'to the nozzle member `31 by means of the sleeve or collar 46, this connection being similar to the connection 23, 24, 25 ,and 26 of the form of ysimilar purposes.

metrically -positioned therein and providing vthe discharge vslotfor'the discharge spray.

'It is readily `seen that by turning Vthe'cap 44 'with respect tothe nozzle member v'3'1 the effeci tive dischargevmay be varied fromy the minimum shown in Figure 8 to the maximum shown in -Figure`7,'the sides of the slot 49 serving to cut oif the cam shaped cut-out portio-ns 4| in the lend ofthe nozzle member and thus serveas valves to --vary the effectivewidth of the spraybeing discharged from the nozzle. In the form of device shown inFigures l0, 1l

"and `12,' thepartsI oflthelgun are Vsubstantially the same and the nozzle member 50 is quite similar 2'0 jclusive. It has asimilar connection tothe dis- `vcharge endv of the gun andhas a similar-'conical or to thenozzle member-lI-of'Figures 1to 5 intapered internal compartment 5| and.A cylindrical discharge chamber or passage 52 vleading to a -slot-53'which is cut into sides of the conical or tapered end-54 thereof.

The adjustablevtip is somewhat diierenty from the tips previously described. It includes -a capmember 55 having a tight frictional fit upon the end of the nozzle member 50 witha knurled flange 56 to alford -grip for manual adjustment.

lThis -caphas a tapered or inner surface 51 tightly fitting the complementary part of the end of the nozzle member 50 and also has a blunt end face 58 which terminatesin substantially the same plane as the reduced end of the nozzle membere50. This end face 58 is provided with-a slot or kerf 59'cut into its outer surface on each side of the central opening therethrough, theseslots orkerfs being curved downwardly and being adapted to register with the slot 53 formed in the endof -nozzle member-"50 in one adjusted position of the parts, see Figures 10 and '1'1. This position 4 givesI the maximum eiective width for the dis- 45 as to bring the slots-or kerfs 59 intonon-registering or non-alining position withrespect to-the charge spray. If the adjustable tip is turned so slot153, the minimum effective width of sprayris attained. In this form vof device only two adjustments are provided for.

It is seen, therefore, that I have provided in various forms of constructiona device which may vbe -readily adjusted to give various widths of sprays.V Furthermore, these sprays are substantiallyfan shaped which is the most eifective and efficient form of spray for painting, coating and The constructions provide a Awide range of widths by very simple and effective adjustments and the parts are very securely held in the adjustedv positions. This invention obvia-tes the necessity for -the provision ofla variety of nozzle members or parts which have to be `removed or replaced -in order to obtain the same results as far as the form and dimensions of the spray are concerned. Furthermore, instead of being limited to a few changes in dimension, according to the number of nozzle parts provided, the entire range between minimum and maximum may be covered by the Yone construction.

This application is led as a continuation of -my -copending application Serial Number 729,925,

led June 9, 1934.

`What I claim is:

1. A` device of the-character..described', includring,'-inzcombination, a; spray gunfhaving :connections for fluid pressure and also a liquid supply leading to the nozzle portionrthereof, `a fluid tip secured to the end of the nozzle portion of the gun in valved communication with the source of liquid supply, said fluid tip having a discharge end, a nozzle member secured to the nozzle portion of the gun and fitting over said fluid tip to provide a chamber in which fluid under pressure is admitted to atomize or break up the liquid discharged from the uid tip, said nozzle memberl being composed of two parts, one part having a conical portion provided with a discharge slot in alinement with the discharge end of the iiuid tip, the said slot extending into the side wall of the conical portion, the other part of said nozzle i 15 member also having a conical portion fitting the first part and provided with cut-out arcuate portions extending through the side wall of said lastnamed :conical portion and adapted to cooperate with ends of said discharge slot.

2. In a device of the character described, adapted to be mounted on the discharge end of a paint spray gun, a nozzle member composed of two parts, one part being of general conical shape with an inside chamber or compartment and hav- 25 ing a discharge slot extending entirely across the end of said conical part and into the side wall thereof, said secondpart having a conical portion fitting said rst part and being movable with respect thereto, said conical portion being openggo ended and also having means comprising cut-out portions extending through the conical wall of said conical portion and adapted to cooperate with the ends of the discharge slot in said conical part'whereby the effective dimensions of the .35

discharge slot may be varied gradually by rotation of the two parts with respect toveach other.

3. A paint spraying device, including in combination, a body having a discharge end and connections for fluid pressure and a liquid supplyo leading to said discharge end, a fluid tip on said discharge end having a connection with the liq- -uid supply, a nozzle member for producing a fan spray secured to the discharge end of said body, said nozzle member being composed of two parts i:4,5 having discharge openings therethrough, one part being adjustable relative to the other and means onjone of said'twoparts of said nozzle member vadjacent the discharge opening of the other of said two parts and movable relative thereto tomo vary gradually the effective dimensions of the combined discharge openings and thereby vary the fan spread of the spray dischargedwhen said adjustable part is moved.

4. A paint spray gun including, in combination; 55'

a body having connections for fluid pressure and also a liquid supply leading to the discharge end thereof, a iiuid tip on the discharge end having connection with said liquid supply, a nozzle de- -vice mounted on said discharge end, said nozzlego device being composed of two parts, one part iitting over said'fluid tip and spaced therefrom to provide a mixing chamber or compartment and having a discharge opening communicating with lsaid chamber` or compartment, the other part of 65 said nozzle device being adjustablewith respect vided.

5. Adevice of the character described, includinginvcom`bination, a spray gunhaving connerie-75 secured to the end of the nozzle portion of the gun in valved communication withthe source of liquid supply, said fluid tip having a, discharge end, a nozzle Vmeniber secured to the nozzle portion of the gun land tting over said fluid tip to provide a chamber in whichvuid under pressure is admitted to atomize or break up the liquid discharged from the fluid tip, said nozzle member being composed of two parts, one part being in the form of a. hollow truncated cone having a discharge slot in alinement with the discharge end of said fluid tip, said slot extending across the end of said first mentioned truncated cone and having tapering ends, the other part oi said nozzle member being in the form of a hollow truncated cone tting the hollow cone portionoi said iirst part and being rotatably mounted thereon, said second hollow cone being provided with out out portions for cooperating with the ends of `said discharge slot, one side of each cut being substantially along a straight line and the other side of the cut being curved to meet said straight line out so that the relative rotation of said parts will vary the effective dimensions of said discharge slot.

6. A device of the character described, including, in combination, a spray gun having connections for uid pressure and also a liquid supply leading to the nozzle portion thereof, a fluid tip secured to the end of the nozzle portion of the gun in valved communication with the source of liquid supply, said fluid tip having a discharge end, a nozzle member secured to the nozzle portion of the gun and iitting over said uid tip to provide a chamber in which fluid under pressure is admitted to atomize or break up the liquid discharged from the fluid tip, said nozzle member being composed of two parts, one part being in the form of a hollow truncated cone having a discharge slot in alinement with the discharge end of said fluid tip, said slot extending across the end of said first mentioned truncated cone and having tapering ends, the other part of said nozzle member being in the form of a hollow truncated cone tting the hollow cone portion of said iirst part and being rotatably mounted thereon, said second hollow cone being provided with cut out portions for cooperating with the ends of said discharge slot, one side of each cut being substantially along a straight line and the other side of the cut beingvcurved to meet said straight line cut so thatthe relative rotation of said parts will vary the effective dimensions of said discharge slot, said cutout curved sidevbeing inclined from the inside of said'second hollow fcone to form a sharp meeting edge with the surface of said inner hollow cone.

l7. In combination in a paint spraying device, a body having connections for fluid pressureV and a liquid to be atomized and sprayed, said body having a Vdischarge end, a nozzle memberV mounted upon said discharge end and provided with an internal chamber or compartment adapted for mixing or atomizing liquid, said nozzle member comprising two parts, the inner part being in the form of a truncated hollow cone having a discharge slot extending across the smaller end, said slot having tapered ends, the other nozzle part being in the` form of a hollow ltruncated cone tting the hollow cone portion of said first nozzle part and being rotatably mounted thereon, said second hollow cone portionY being provided With cut out portions for cooperation vwith;the

ends `of said `discharge -slot,'onesideof each cut out portionV beingsubstantially alOIlg a straight line and the other side of each vcutout portion being curved to meet said straight, line cut yso that relative rotation of said parts will vary the effective dimensionsoi said discharge slot;

8. A device of the character described, including, in combination, a spray gun havingV connections or fluid pressure and also a liquid supply leading to the nozzle portion thereof, a uid tip secured to the end of the nozzle portion of the gun in valved communication with the source of liquid supply, said uid tip having a discharge end, a nozzle member secured to the nozzle portion of the gun and `fitting over said uid tip to provide a chamber in which f luid under pressure is admitted to atomize or break uprthe liquid discharged from the fluid tip, said nozzle member being composed of two parts, one part being Ain the form 'of a hollow truncated cone having a2() discharge slot in alinement with the dischargel" end of said fluid tip, Ysaid slot extending entirely yacross and down into the end ofsaid iirst mentioned truncated cone. to form Ya slot of some depth, the slot being narrow `at the-end of said,

iirst mentioned truncated cone and increasing in width inwardly of the end of said irst mentioned truncated cone, the other part of said Vnozzle member being in the form of a hollow truncated cone fitting the hollow cone portion of said irstfgo part and being rotatably mounted thereon, said second hollow cone being provided with cutV out portions for cooperating with the ends of said discharge slot, one side of each cut Ybeing substantially along a straight line and the otherF side of the cut being curved to meet saidstraight line out so that the relativerotation of said parts will vary the effective dimensions of said discharge slot.

9. A device of the character described, includ-5,740

ing, in combination, a spray gun having connec` tions for iiuid pressure and also a liquid supply leading to the nozzle por-tion thereof, a uid ,tip

secured to the end of the nozzle portion of the gun in valved vcommunication with the source of liquid supply, said fluid tip having a discharge end, a nozzle member secured to the nozzle portion of the gun and iitting over said fluid tip Yto provide a chamber -in which fluid underV pressure is admitted to atomize or break up the Vliquid discharged from thefluidV tip, said nozzle mem,- ber being composed of two parts, one part being in the form of a hollow truncated conehaving a discharge slot in alinement with the discharge end of said uid tip, saidslot extending entirely across and down into theend of said rst mentioned truncated cone, the ends of said slot being tapered so that the slot increases in width inwardly of the end of said rst mentioned truncated cone, the other part of said nozzle member being in theV form of a hollow truncated cone Y ftting the hollow cone portion of said rst part and being rotatably mounted thereon, said second hollow cone being provided with cut out portions for cooperating with said discharge slot,

one side of each cutbeing substantially along a fwhich has a diametral portion extending across the end face of said closed endandlongitudnal portions extending along the tubular Wall of said end and joining said diametral portion, a liquid delivery jet tip within said nozzle positioned for the spraying of the liquid through the slots, and valves on the nozzle cooperating only with the longitudinal portions of said slot and mounted for gradual advancement and retraction length- Wise thereof for adjusting the effective length of the longitudinal portions of said slot, which are unobstructed for the free delivery of the liquid spray except for said valves. f

11. In a spray gun, the combination of a tubular nozzle having a closed end, said nozzle having a substantially diametral slot of uniform width through its closed end and sides, a liquid delivery jet tip Within said nozzle positioned for the spraying of the liquid through the slot, and a Valve at the side of the nozzle cooperating only with the aforesaid side portion of the slot, said valve being mo-unted for gradual advancement and retraction lengthwise of said side portion Which except for the said valve is unobstructed for the free delivery of the liquid spray.

12. In a spray gun, the combination of a tubular nozzle having Walls which converge to a closed end, said nozzle having a substantially diametral slot of uniform width through its closed end and converging sides, a liquid delivery jet tip Within said nozzle positioned for the spraying of the liquid through the slo-t, and valves at the sides of the nozzle cooperating only With the aforesaid side portions of the slot, said valves: being mounted for gradual advancement and retraction lengthwise of said side portions which except for the said valves are unobstructed for the free delivery of the liquid spray.

13. In a device of the character described, a nozzle member adapted to be mounted on the discharge end of a paint spray gun, said nozzle member being composed of two parts, the inner part being in the form of a truncated hollow cone having a discharge slot extending across the smaller end, said slot having tapered ends extending into the side Wall of said inner part, the other nozzle part being in the form of a hollow truncated cone fitting the hollow cone portion of said first nozzle part and being rotatably mounted thereon, said second hollow cone portion being provided with cut-out portions for cooperation with the ends only of said discharge slot, one side of each cut-out portion being subistantially along a straight line, and the other side of each cut-out portion being curved to meet said straight line cut so that the relative rotation of said parts Will vary gradually the effective dimensions of said discharge slot.

AUSTIN H. DOWNS. 

